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https://www.facebook.com/groups/339795632880832/posts/2684214961772209/
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Part 1 The Church of San Zaccaria, Venice, Italy
Photo credits: CM Keisling, Didier Descouens, Vittorio Alinari, Nino Barbieri,
The church is dedicated to Zacharias, the father of Saint John the Baptist, built from 1444-1515 by Gambello, that is the lower portion and after his death the upper part by Codussi. The original church here was said to have been founded by Saint Magnus in the 7th century. The church is a former monastic church of the 15th century. It is located in the Campo San Zaccaria to the southeast of Piazza San Marco. The first church on this site was founded by the Doge of Venice, Giustiniano Participazio in the 9th century (in 828) to house the body of Saint Zaccaria. The body had been a gift of Byzantine Emperor Leo V the Armenian. In the crypt are buried various doges. In 864, after attending vespers in the church, Doge Pietro Tradinico was attacked by conspirators at the entrance gateway to Campo San Zaccaria and left to die. The original church was rebuilt in the 1170’s and in the 15th century was replaced by a Gothic church. The present church was built beside the ruins which still remain. The present church was built from 1458 to 1515 by architect Antonio Gambello and after his death the upper portion was completed by Mauro Codussi. The facade is a mixture of late Gothic and Renaissance styles.
A Benedictine monastery was attached founded by Participazio and other doges. The nuns of the monastery came from the prominent noble families.
Pope Benedict III took refuge in the monastery in 855 fleeing Anastasius Bibliothecarius whom he challenged being elected as pope. Anastasius was declared antipope by the synod. In gratitude for his sanctuary, Benedict II gave the nuns an extensive collection of relics which form the base of a famous collection of the monastery. One of these is Athanasius of Alexandria and another is a piece of the True Cross. In 1105 a fire destroyed the monastic complex killing about 100 nuns. After this the convent was reformed into a Cluniac house. In 1797 the monastery was suppressed by Napoleon and his invading army.
One of the treasures of the church is the painting of “Virgin and Child with Four Saints” by Giovanni Bellini painted in 1505 when Bellini was about 74. The painting was looted by Napoleon and kept in Paris for 20 years and finally returned in 1817. It was restored in 1971 but a strip was cut from the bottom losing 3 rows of tiles losing depth perception, and another strip of the top was also removed.
- (IVZ 0.2) Here is a plan of the Church of San Zaccaria showing outlined in red where the old nun’s church was and of which some portion remains.
- (IVZ 0.1) A painting by Gabriele Bella 0f 1790 showing the church and its adjoining monastery. On the right can be seen the campanile of 78 feet tall or 23 meters. The first tower was demolished in the 11th century and rebuilt in the 12th with recycled materials. In 1510 the tower collapsed and was rebuilt as it is today.
- (IVZ 1.1) The facade of San Zaccaria. The lower portion of the church was designed and built by Antonio Gambello after his death the upper portion was completed by Mauro Codussi. The facade is a mixture of late Gothic and Renaissance styles.
- (IVZ 1.1.1) The upper facade by Mauro Codussi.
- (IVZ 1.2) At the entrance gateway to Campo San Zaccaria is this relief depicting the Doubt of Saint Thomas.
- (IVZ 2.1.1) The nave is not very long but it is quite wide. This photo faces the central and behind it the high altar.
- (IVZ 2.1.2) A closer look at the central altar and some of the art covering the walls of the nave.
- (IVZ 2.1.3) The conch over the high altar is “Saint Zechariah in Glory” by Girolamo Pellegrini (1624-1700).
- (IVZ 2.1.4) Detail of the conch by Girolamo Pellegrini.
- (IVZ 3.1) The crypt under the church is flooded as the canals are in close proximity.
- (IVZ 3.2) The crypt under the Golden Chapel.
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